WHAT IS LIVING AND HOW IT IS DIFFER FROM NON LIVING
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If an alien species come to our earth will must be fascinated by the diversity of living organisms (life) in our earth. Among all the animals about 70% are insect means if there are total 10 animal then 7 animals out of 10 are must be insects. And among the plant species flowering plants (angiosperms) are more in number.
But there are a big question that "what is living" and how we can differentiate a living organism from a non living object.
WHAT IS LIVING -
1. CELLULAR ORGANISATION -
Cell is the structural, functional and fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of cell and cell products and all the non living objects are made up of atoms. There are nothing any non living thing that made up of cell and cellular organization shown by the all life forms without any exception. So cellular organization is the defining feature of living organisms.
2. CONSCIOUSNESS -
Consciousness is nothing but a feeling to sense our surrounding activities and respond to them. In this whole world only human being have self consciousness. Only human being are concern about there own action and appearance and with what other think about them. All the living organisms show consciousness and non living objects do not able to show it. So we can say that consciousness in the defining feature of living organisms.
3.METABOLISM -
Metabolism is the series of several linked reactions that occur in living system. These reactions produce energy as well as consumes energy. The metabolic reactions in which energy is produces are known as Anabolic reactions(PHOTOSYNTHESIS) and the metabolic reactions in which energy is consumes are known as Catabolic reactions ( RESPIRATION). Metabolic reactions are shown by all the living organisms without any exception and non living organisms do not show it but the in vitro reactions occur in test tubes are not of living things but are the living reactions of non living things. So we can consider metabolism as the defining feature of living organisms.
There are many important phenomenon that can make one confuse that whether it will be defining feature or not, like REPRODUCTION and GROWTH etc.
REPRODUCTION -
Reproduction is the process in which an organisms give rise the new one similar to itself. But Reproduction is not shown by the all living organism like the persons with sexual complication and the gynandromorphs are not able not reproduce and that's why Reproduction is the characteristics of living organisms but not the defining feature of the living organisms.
GROWTH -
Increase in mass and increase in the number of the individuals are the twin characteristics of growth. Growth is shown by the both living organisms as well as the non living objects like deposition of material over the mountains over the years is growth. So growth is not the defining feature of the living organisms. But growth from inside can be the defining feature as in living organisms growth is from inside and in case of the non livings growth is from outside.
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