DRAWBACKS(ERRORS) OF EARLY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS
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In early times the classification was mainly based on food, cloth and shelter. Meanwhile, Aristotle gave more scientific basis of classification. He divide the organisms in two categories, on the basis of presence or absence of red blood cell(RBC) and called ENIMA(RBC present) and ANIMA(RBC absent) and also divide as TREE, HERB and SHRUBS. Later, the two kingdom classification was given by Linnaeus that are plant kingdom and animal kingdom. Two kingdom classification is also known as Artificial classification which was mainly based on gross superficial morphological characters. But this classifications found to be inadaquate because of some the following reasons -
DRAWBACKS -
1. Earliest classification was not able to differentiate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In earliest many prokaryotic organisms are placed under eukaryotes.
2. This classifications are failed to separates the unicellular and multicellular organisms, such as Spirogyra and Chlorella are placed together under plant kingdom, however Spirogyra is a multicellular and Chlorella is an unicellular algae.
3. Earliest classification separates the closely related species because based on few characteristics.
4. Earlier classifications are based on vegetative characteristics which is not acceptable because vegetative characters are easily affected by the nature.
5. These classifications was fail to differentiates between autotrophs and heterotrophs because it together the fungi and algae under plant kingdom, though fungi are heterotrophs(cannot make their food own) and algae are the autotrophs(make their food own)
Later in 1969 five kingdom classification was given by whittaker. this classification was able to give a clear cut concept about the organisms. The five kingdom classification includes monera, protista, fungi, plantae and animal kingdom.
1.kingdom monera includes al the prokaryotic organisms as bacterias.
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2.kingdom protista includes all the unicellular eukaryotic organisms such as diatomes and desmids.
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3.kingdom fungi include the heterotropic eukaryotic organisms, fungi includes phycomycetes, ascomycetes and other classes.
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4.kingdom plantae or plant kingdom includes autotrophic eukaryotic organisms. algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms are placed under plant kingdom.
5.Animal kingdom is the group of heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms. Animal kingdom includes the distinct groups of Non chordates and Chordates and also Hemichordates between them.
PART - 2: CHORDATES
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